Nouns

 

Hello, students...

This time we are going to learn about nouns in English. Nouns are used as subject, object, and adverb, therefor, learning its types, its forming, and how to use it is necessary.

Noun atau kata benda digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris untuk subjek, objek, dan keterangan. Karena selalu muncul dalam kalimat maka penggunaan kata benda perlu dipelajari dan dipraktikkan.

Jenis-jenis Kata Benda (Noun)

Proper Noun vs Common Noun

Proper Noun	Common Noun
Mark	Hand
New York	Microphone
Jakarta	Elaboration
Pizza Hut	Validity
Surabaya	Economy
Mount Bromo	Darkness
Taiwan	Experience

Proper noun merupakan nama-nama orang, tempat, benda, atau gagasan yang spesifik.

Kata benda ini merujuk pada nama seseorang, sebuah tempat, atau suatu benda. Proper noun dapat terdiri dari satu atau dua kata dan kita harus selalu memulai menuliskannya dengan huruf kapital. Biasanya kata benda ini antara lain digunakan untuk nama institusi, organisasi, hari, bulan, bangsa, agama, dan tempat. Contoh: Celine Dion, Pizza Hut, Ragunan, Disneyland, Mount Bromo, etc.

Di lain pihak, Common noun merupakan nama-nama orang, tempat, benda, atau gagasan secara umum. Common noun merupakan nama dari sekelompok nomina yang sejenis atau mirip.

Karena common noun tidak menamai apa pun secara spesifik, maka penulisannya tidak dengan huruf kapital, kecuali berada di awal kalimat.

Contoh: Singer, tower, restaurant, theme park, zoo, mountain, etc.

 

Countable vs Uncountable

Countable		Uncountable
Shoe	Child	Milk	Powder
Spoon	Curtain	Water	Gas
Kettle	Handkerchief	Oil	Petrol
Plate	Pan	Sand	Juice
Cow	Tissue	Flour	Tea
Mountain	Box	Rice	Coffee
Shark	Leaf	Wheat	Snow

Nouns can be countable or uncountable. Countable nouns can be counted, e.g. an apple, two apples, three apples, etc. Uncountable nouns cannot be counted, e.g. air, rice, water, etc. When you learn a new noun, you should check if it is countable or uncountable and note how it is used in a sentence.

For positive sentences we can use a/an for singular nouns or some for plurals.

There's a man at the door.
I have some friends in New York.

For negatives we can use a/an for singular nouns or any for plurals.

I don't have a dog.
There aren't any seats.

 

Singular – Plural

Most singular nouns form plural by adding –s.

Examples:

Singular	Plural
Fork	Forks
Spoon	Spoons
Chair	Chairs
Car	Cars
Label	Labels
Window	Windows

 

A singular noun ending in s, x, z, ch, sh makes the plural by adding –es.

Singular	Plural
Glass	Glasses
Box	Boxes
Pitch	Pitches
Bus	Buses
Fox	Foxes
Wish	Wishes

 

A singular noun ending in a consonant and then y makes the plural by dropping y and adding –ies.

Singular	Plural
City	Cities
Daisy	Daisies
Penny	Pennies
Baby	Babies
Fairy	Fairies

 

Concrete Noun vs Abstract Noun

Concrete nouns dan abstract nouns adalah kelas noun yang luas berdasarkan keberadaan fisik: Concrete nouns adalah benda bentuk fisik yang dapat dilihat, disentuh, didengar. Sedangkan abstract nouns adalah non physical ideas atau yang tidak bisa kita lihat wujudnya, tidak bisa kita rasakan bentuknya, dan tidak dapat kita cium atau pegang dengan panca indera kita. Misalnya, kamu dapat menyentuh muscle (otot), yang menjadikannya masuk dalam kategori concrete noun, tetapi kamu tidak dapat menyentuh strenght (kekuatan), yang menjadikannya masuk dalam kategori abstract noun.

 

Compound Noun

Some nouns consist of more than one word. These are compound nouns. Compound nouns can be formed in different ways. The most common way is to put two nouns together (noun + noun); other common types are adjective + noun and verb + noun.

noun + noun

car park Iceland shopkeeper website

adjective + noun

blackberry grandstand greenhouse small talk

verb + noun

breakwater fall-guy go-kart runway

 

Contoh Penggunaan:

Let me sleep in peace

My mother is a doctor

Honesty is the best policy

There are five cats in front of my garage

 

Now get a note and a pencil/pen. Kita latihan soal di sini atau bisa di Telegram Bot.

A.          Change the nouns into plural form

1.    A policeman arrests a thief.

2.    There is a book on the shelf.

3.    A lady talks to an old woman.

4.    Is there a mouse in that house?

5.    A student goes to University or college after completing his senior high school.

 

B.           Put the word in brackets in plural form.

1.    Those (lady) told my (child) some funny (story)

2.    There are several (deer) and (sheep) at the zoo.

3.    That man has two (wife) and four (child)

4.    All (glass) were broken into pieces by (thief).

5.    These (watch) belong to those (gentlemen)

 

C.           Read the text then underline the noun you have found on the text.

Yesterday, community in my neighborhood came together to clean the river near the area we live. We worked as a team to make sure the river was clean before the rainy season arrived. We wanted to prevent any floods or other problems that could happen when it rained.

Everyone brought brooms, rakes, and gloves that were used to clean the river. We picked up the trash and removed anything blocking the river. We also cleaned the drainage. The trash assembled in drainages and blocked water flow. It needed hard work, but we were happy to do so because we knew we doing something important for our community.

By cleaning the river, we made sure the water flowed smoothly and didn’t overflow during heavy rains. This help keep our houses and streets safe from flooding. It also kept the river clean and healthy for the plans and animals living there.

We are proud of our team work and the effort we put in to keep our community safe and clean. When we worked together, we can make a big difference. We hope that we can create a healthy and clean neighborhood for